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                      當前位置:小豆培訓網 > 語言培訓 > 英語

                      高考英語常考語法填空詞匯變形「高考英語語法填空之單詞變形記」

                      分類:英語 地區:福建 時間: 閱讀: 修改

                      高考英語常考語法填空詞匯變形「高考英語語法填空之單詞變形記」 今天小豆培訓網學歷教育小編就來給大家簡單介紹一下。

                      幾乎每套高考英語試卷的語法填空題都有2—3個題目要對括號內所給的單詞進行詞性轉換。分析句子結構,并確定所填單詞在句子中的語法功能是解答詞性轉換題的關鍵。

                      從多年高考命題來看,詞性轉換一般遵循以下原則:

                      1.加后綴,不加前綴;

                      2.單詞由短變長,由簡變繁;

                      3.一步到位,不發生多次變化。

                      “單詞變形記”之一:提示詞是名詞

                      提示詞是名詞時,按照考頻排序,常見的名詞變形有以下形式:

                      1.變成復數形式(高頻);

                      2.變成形容詞(高頻);

                      3.變成名詞所有格形式(低頻);

                      4.變成同根名詞(低頻);

                      5.變成動詞(低頻)。

                      知識點撥1:

                      名詞變形容詞構詞規律

                      高考英語常考語法填空詞匯變形「高考英語語法填空之單詞變形記」

                      鏈接高考

                      1.The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 62 (population) and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷)

                      [解析] populations。考查名詞復數。因為前面有separate(分開的)修飾,且population為可數名詞,故填復數形式populations。

                      2. 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (遠足) and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.(2021年全國乙卷)

                      [解析] Activities。考查名詞復數。空格處所填單詞在句中作主語,再結合謂語動詞range可知,應填入所給詞的復數形式,該詞位于句首,第一個字母要大寫,故填Activities。

                      3. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 49 (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines.(2021年全國甲卷)

                      [解析]watchtowers。考查名詞復數。所填單詞受different修飾,和gates并列,所以要用復數名詞,故填watchtowers。

                      4. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 57 (human) are.(2021年新高考I卷)

                      [解析]humans。考查名詞復數。此處所填單詞作we的同位語,再由后面的系動詞are可知,此處應填名詞的復數形式,故填humans。

                      5. Later, they learned to work with the 62 (season) planting at the right time and, in dry areas, making use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.(2020年6月浙江卷)

                      [解析]seasons。考查名詞復數。句意為:后來,他們學會了隨季節在適當的時間種植,并且在干旱地區,利用每年的洪水灌溉他們的田地。根據常識可知一年有四季,故填復數形式seasons。

                      7. Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.(2021年全國乙卷)

                      [解析]financial。考查形容詞。空格處所填單詞作定語,修飾名詞aid,因此應填入提示詞的形容詞形式,故填financial。

                      8. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 50 (day) routines.(2021年全國甲卷)

                      [解析]daily。考查形容詞。此處所填單詞作定語,修飾名詞routines,需用形容詞,故填daily。

                      9. The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.(2020年全國Ⅱ卷)

                      [解析]beautiful。考查形容詞。空格處所填單詞作定語,修飾名詞branches,需用形容詞,故填beautiful。

                      10. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.(2020年新高考Ⅰ卷)

                      [解析]wealthy。考查形容詞。空格處所填單詞作定語,修飾名詞people,需用形容詞形式,故填wealthy。

                      11. It is calculated by dividing a 38 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered healthy.(2021年1月浙江卷)

                      [解析]person’s。考查名詞所有格。句意:它的計算方法是用一個人的體重(千克)除以身高(米)的平方,BMI在19到25之間被認為是健康的。分析句子結構可知,person是修飾weight的,要用person的名詞所有格,故填person’s。

                      12. My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a 66 (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.(2018年全國Ⅲ卷)

                      [解析]scientist。考查表示職業的名詞。根據句子的主語I和空格處后的定語從句可知,空格處所填單詞指人,故填scientist。

                      13. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 68 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.(2018年全國Ⅰ卷))

                      [解析]strengthen。考查動詞。空格處所填單詞構成動詞不定式短語,作目的狀語,故填動詞strengthen。

                      “單詞變形記”之二:提示詞是代詞

                      提示詞是代詞時,一般是給出人稱代詞主格形式。按照考頻排序,常見的代詞變形有以下形式:

                      1.變成反身代詞(高頻);

                      2.變成形容詞性的物主代詞(低頻);

                      3.變成名詞性的物主代詞(低頻)。

                      【鏈接高考】

                      1. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 61 (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.(2021年6月浙江卷)

                      [解析] herself。考查反身代詞。句意為:Mary非常漂亮,那座房子就是她自己的一個寫照……。此處應用she的反身代詞形式herself作介詞of的賓語,故填herself。

                      2. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模擬) and imagine 42 (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.(2020年新高考Ⅰ卷)

                      [解析] themselves。考查反身代詞。空格處所填單詞和主語visitors指的是相同的人,作imagine的賓語,故填反身代詞themselves。

                      3. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕)at the ceremony, opening 70 (it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.(2022年全國乙卷)

                      [解析] its。考查形容詞性物主代詞。its作定語,修飾后面的名詞:its first exhibition 意為“它的首次展覽”,故填its。

                      4. As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in 64 (Ⅰ).(2021年新高考I卷)

                      [解析] mine。考查名詞性的物主代詞。結合前面的句子可知,空格處所填單詞代指my memory,故填名詞性物主代詞mine作in的賓語。

                      “單詞變形記”之三:提示詞是動詞

                      提示詞是動詞時,按照考頻排序,常見的動詞變形有以下形式:

                      1.變成名詞(高頻);

                      2.變成形容詞(低頻)。

                      知識點撥2:

                      動詞變名詞構詞規律

                      高考英語常考語法填空詞匯變形「高考英語語法填空之單詞變形記」

                      【鏈接高考】

                      1. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and 63 (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷)

                      [解析] eventually。考查副詞。修飾動詞achieve需用副詞,故填eventually。

                      2. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci. for example, 60 (rough) 200 academics — many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.(2022年1月浙江卷)

                      [解析] roughly。考查副詞。根據句意可知,大約200 個學者,此處需要填副詞,修飾數詞,故答案為roughly。

                      3. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 43 (sharp).(2021年1月浙江卷)

                      [解析] sharply。考查副詞。句意:但30年后,許多國家城市和農村人口的BMI差異大幅縮小。分析句子結構可知,此處所填單詞修飾動詞narrow,要用sharp的副詞形式,故填sharply。

                      4. It will 58 (undoubted) help you get refreshed!(2021年新高考I卷)

                      [解析] undoubtedly。考查副詞。所填單詞在句中修飾謂語動詞,因此要用副詞形式,故填undoubtedly。

                      5. 67 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.(2020年全國Ⅱ卷)

                      [解析] Certainly。考查副詞。空格處所填單詞位于句首,修飾整個句子,需用副詞形式,且首字母大寫,故填Certainly。

                      6. As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a 65 (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.(2022年全國乙卷)

                      [解析] responsibility。考查名詞。所填單詞作動詞has的賓語,且前面有不定冠詞a,故填入名詞responsibility。

                      7. For Luc, this means 64 (independent). “The feeling of being able to see it and to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.”(2022年6月浙江卷)

                      [解析] independence。此處所填單詞作動詞means的賓語,故填名詞independence。

                      8. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (環形山), more so than the familiar near side.(2020年全國Ⅰ卷)

                      [解析] interest。考查名詞。空格處所填單詞作介詞of的賓語,同時受形容詞particular修飾,需用名詞形式,故填interest。

                      9. Filled with 64 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.(2020年全國Ⅲ卷)

                      [解析] curiosity。考查名詞。空格處所填單詞作介詞with的賓語,故填名詞curiosity。

                      10. Historical 44 (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.(2020年新高考Ⅰ卷)

                      [解析] accuracy。考查名詞。空格處所填單詞受形容詞historical修飾,且在句中作主語,需用名詞形式,故填accuracy。

                      11. After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 45 (good) than to ride on a piece of history!(2021年全國甲卷)

                      [解析] better。考查形容詞比較級。根據后面的比較連詞than可知,空格處需用比較級,故填better。

                      12. The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 59 (hot) the spring!(2021年新高考I卷)

                      [解析] hotter。考查形容詞比較級。此處為“the 比較級,the 比較級”句型,表示“越……,越……”,故填hotter。

                      13. When the house was built, it was much 59 (small) than it is today.(2021年6月浙江卷)

                      [解析] smaller。考查形容詞比較級。根據后面的比較連詞than和前面的副詞much可知,此處應用比較級形式,故填smaller。

                      14. This may be due to some disadvantages for people living in the countryside, including 45 (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.(2021年1月浙江卷)

                      [解析] lower。考查形容詞比較級。句意為:這可能是由于生活在農村的人有一些不利條件,包括較低的收入和教育水平,較高的健康食品成本,以及較少的體育設施。分析句子結構可知,including說明的是一些不利條件,且后面有higher和fewer,是并列關系,所以low也應該用比較級形式,故填lower。

                      15. In the last five years, Cao has walked through 34 counties in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s 68 (high) mountain.(2022年全國甲卷)

                      [解析] highest。考查形容詞最高級。根據句意,他到達 the top of Kilimanjaro“乞力馬扎羅山頂”,后面是同位語——“這是非洲的最高山脈”,故填highest。

                      16. As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 64 (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.(2022年全國乙卷)

                      [解析] largest。考查形容詞最高級。the largest tea-producing country“最大產茶國”,比較范圍是全世界,the的后面是形容詞的最高級,故填largest。

                      以上所列語法填空中單詞變形涉及到四大類,共14種變形。還有一些變形還沒考過(如人稱代詞主格變成賓格;基數詞變成序數詞等),但并不意味著一定不考。

                      只要考生掌握住不同詞性的單詞在句子中的用法,牢記構詞法知識和單詞變形的規則,善于結合句意分析句子成分,就能夠破解單詞變形的相關考點,從而完勝語法填空。

                      注意:信息由用戶發布,其真實性、合法性由發布人負責,請仔細甄別,注意防騙!如違法/虛假/侵權請:舉報

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