2014年12月大學英語六級考試真題(一)答案與詳解 Part ⅠWriting 1、審題:本次作文是圖畫作文【考頻: ★★☆】，這是2013年12月六級改革后第一次出現該類型作文，但體裁仍是常見 的議論文。本次作文給出的圖畫理解起來難度不大，而且涉及的話題是教育和科技的關系，這是考生比較熟悉的話題，因此寫起來并不難。

2、列提綱：

3. 語言:對圖畫的描述要用詞準確，議論部分可適當使用從句等高分句型。

Technology and EducationWhat the drawing vividly depicts is that a pupil tells his teacher he needs tech support to solve an extremely easy question on the blackboard. The drawing illustrates that we-are highly dependent on technology, overlooking the importance of independent thinking.Those who favor the significance of technology in education argue that it facilitates learning and enables us to have easier access to infinite learning resources. In contrast, people who hold the opposite opinion maintain that over-dependence on technology is harmful. They think that a student who gets into the habit of doing his homework by downloading answers from the Internet will end up ignorant and being unable to think critically and creatively. And the drawing is a good illustration of this point. For another example, if you always write your homework or reports on a word processor，you may forget how to write the words in no time. As far as I am concerned, technology plays an important but not indispensable role in education. Over-dependence on technology does more harm than good. I suggest that we should master the basic knowledge on our own and learn how to apply technology in education properly. Only in this way can we benefit most from our learning process.

PartⅡListening Comprehension

1.聽力原文：M: Before we play again, I’m going to buy a good tennis racket.

W: Your shoes aren’t in a very good shape，either.

Q: What does the woman mean?

1.A) The man’s tennis racket is good enough.

B) The man should get a pair of new shoes.

C) She can wait for the man for a little while.

D) Physical exercise helps her stay in shape.

【預測】由A)“男士的網球拍已經足夠好了”、B)“男士應該買雙新鞋”和D)“體育鍛煉幫她保持身材”可以推測，對話 內容與體育鍛煉有關。再結合B)中的The man should和C)中的She can推測，對話應該是圍繞女士的觀點態度或女士認為男士應該做何事展開的，因此聽音時應重點聽女士的話。

【精析】B)。語義理解題【考頻:★★★】。男士說在他和女士再次打球之前,他得先去買支好的網球拍;而女士說他的鞋子也有點變形了。由此可知，女士認為男士也應該再買雙新鞋。

2. M: Barbara, I’m glad you could assist me in the lab demonstration. But aren’t you supposed to go to Dr. Smith’s lecture today?

W：I asked Kathy to take notes for me.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

2. A) The woman will skip Dr. Smiths lecture to help the man.

B) Kathy is very pleased to attend the lecture by Dr. Smith.

C) The woman is good at doing lab demonstrations.

D) The man will do all he can to assist the woman.

【預測】由選項中出現的Dr. Smith’s lecture，lecture by Dr. Smith推測，對話內容可能與Smith博士的講座有關。 另，由A)中的to help the man和D)中的assist the woman可推測，男士和女士之間存在某種協助關系，聽音時需要確定這兩人究竟是誰在幫誰。

【精析】A)。綜合理解題【考頻:★★★】。男士對女士能夠幫他進行實驗展示表示非常高興，但他又擔心女士因此錯過Smith博士的講座;女士說她已經請Kathy幫她記筆記了。由此可知，女士不去聽講座了，她會留下來幫男士。

3.聽力原文：W：Steve invited me to the dinner party on Sunday evening. Have you received your invitation yet?

M： Yes. He phoned me this morning and told me he wanted all his old classmate to come to the reunion.

Q：What do we learn from the conversation?

3. A) The woman asked the man to accompany her to the party.

B) Steve became rich soon after graduation from college.

C) Steve invited his classmates to visit his big cottage.

D) The speakers and Steve used to be classmates.

【預測】由選項中出現的 to the party，after graduation from college，invited his classmates，used to be classmates 推測，對話內容可能與某人發出聚會邀請有關，且對話中的男士、女士與選項中出現的第三人Steve之間應該存在同學關系。

【精析】D)。綜合理解題【考頻:★★★】。對話中女士說Steve邀請她周日晚上去參加聚餐，并問男士是否也被邀請 了;男士回答說Steve打電話向他發出了邀請，并說Steve希望所有的老同學都能去參加這次聚會。由此可知，對話中的兩人都曾經是Steve的同學。

4.聽力原文：W ：I’m afraid I’m a little bit seasick. I feel dizzy.

M: Close your eyes and relax. You’ll be all right as soon as we come ashore.

.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?

4. A) In a bus. C) In a boat.

B) In a clinic. D) In a plane.

【預測】四個選項均表示地點，由此推測本題可能詢問對話或某件事發生的地點，應注意聽暗示地點的信息。

【精析】C)。場景推斷題【考頻:★★★】。對話中女士表示她有點暈船，男士讓她先閉上眼睛放松一下，一會兒上岸就好了。由此可知，兩個人現在正在船上。

5.聽力原文：W: I wonder what’s happened to our train. It should have been here 20 minutes ago according to the timetable. But it already 9：30.

M: There’s no need to get nervous. The announcement says it’s 40 minutes late.

Q: When is the train arriving?

5.A) 10：10. B) 9：50. C) 9：40. D) 9：10.

【預測】四個選項均為時間，由此推測本題一定是考查某件事發生的時間，聽音時要注意事件與時間的對應關系，而有的時間則需要計算得出。

【精析】 B)。推理判斷題【考頻: ★★★】。女士對男士說按照列車時刻表，火車20分鐘前就應該到這里了，但現在都 9:30 了，火車也沒到;男士讓女士別緊張，并說廣播里通知了，火車將會晚點40分鐘。計算下來，火車的實際到站時間將會是9:50。

6.聽力原文：M：John is handsome and wealthy. Believe it or not, he is still a bachelor.

W: He is a notorious guy in many girls’ eyes. I’m sick of hearing his name.

Q: What does the woman mean?

6. A) She does not like John at all.

B) John has got many admirers.

C) She does not think John is handsome.

D) John has just got a bachelor’s degree.

【預測】四個選項中都出現了 John這一人名，且A)、C)兩個選項中出現了 She does not like和She does not think，由此推測本題考查內容與女士對John的看法相關。從B)、D)兩個選項的內容來看，對話中還可能涉及John 是否有很多追求者以及他是否拿到了學士學位。

【精析】A)。推理判斷題【考頻:★★★】。對話中男士對女士說John又英俊又有錢，而且現在還是單身;女士卻說在女孩們眼中，John已經聲名狼藉了，她一聽見John這個名字就惡心。由此可見,女士一點也不喜歡John。

7.聽力原文：M：Cars had lined up bumper to bumper. And I’ve been held up on the expressway for an entire hour.

W: Really? It must be a pain in the neck. But be patient. Anyway, you can do nothing but wait.

Q：What do we learn about the man?

7.A) He has been bumping along for hours.

B) He has got a sharp pain in the neck.

C) He is involved in a serious accident.

D) He is trapped in a terrible traffic jam.

【預測】四個選項均以He開頭，且由C)、D)兩個選項中的accident和traffic jam可推測，對話內容與男士遇到的交通狀況有關。結合A)中的“顛簸而行”、B)中的“脖子痛得厲害”、C)中的“嚴重的事故”和D)中的“嚴重的交 通擁堵”可知，男士一定是有著某種令人不愉快的遭遇，聽錄音時要注意聽男士碰到了什么事情。

【精析】D)。語義理解題【考頻:★★★】對話中男士對女士說他已經在高速路上等了整整一個小時了，車輛都一輛挨一輛地排在那兒動不了；女士勸男士別著急，他能做的就只有等了。由此可知，男士碰到了交通堵塞。 bumper to bumper意為“(車輛)一輛緊跟一輛”。

8.聽力原文：W ：Yesterday I was surprised to see Mary using that washing machine you were going to throw away.

M: Yes, it’s quite old and in very poor condition, Frankly speaking, that she got it working amazes me a lot.

Q: What does the man imply about Mary?

8. A) She is good at repairing things.

B) She is a professional mechanic.

C) She should improve her physical condition.

D) She cannot go without a washing machine.

【預測】四個選項均以She開頭，由A)“她擅長修理東西”、B)“她是一名專業的技工”和D)中所提到的“洗衣機”可以判斷，對話內容可能與女士修理洗衣機有關。另，C)“她應該改善自己的身體狀況”與其他三個選項沒有什么相關性，基本可以提前排除。

【精析】A)。弦外之音題【考頻: ★★☆】對話中女士對男士說昨天她看到Mary在用洗衣機，特別吃驚，因為那個洗衣機是男士打算要扔掉的了;男士表示洗衣機確實十分破舊了，而知道Mary又讓那個洗衣機開始工作，他也 驚異不已。由此推斷，男士的意思是Mary非常善于修理。

9-12.聽力原文：M：A recent case I heard was of a man accused and found guilty of breaking into a house and stealing some money.

W：Well, was he really guilty, Judge?

M: He admitted that he’d done it，and there were several witnesses saying that he had indeed done it. So I can only assume that he was guilty.

W ：Why did he do it?

M：Well, the reasons were a little muddied. Probably at least it seemed in a trial that he did it to get some money to feed his family. You see, he’d been out of work for some time.

W：Well, he’d been out of work and he chose to break into a house to get money for his family and apparently in front of people that, er... could see him do it.

M：His attorney presented testimony that he had indeed applied for jobs and was listed with several employment agencies, including the State Employment Agency，but there weren’t any jobs.

W ：And he had no luck!

M: He had no luck and it’d been some time. He had two children and both of them were needing food and clothing.

W：So he was in desperate circumstances. Did you sentence him?

M：Yes.

W ：But what good does it do to put the man into jail when he’s obviously in such need?

M：This particular fellow has been in prison before.

W；For the same thing?

M：No, for a different sort of crime.

W：Huh?

M：But he did know about crime, so I suppose there are folks that just have to go back to prison several times.

9. What did the judge say about the case he recently heard?

A) Some witnesses failed to appear in court.

B) The case caused debate among the public.

C) The accused was found guilty of stealing.

D) The accused refused to plead guilty in court.

【預測】結合各選項語義A)“有些證人沒能夠出庭”、B) “案件在公眾當中引起了爭論”、C) “被告被 發現犯有偷竊罪”和D)“被告拒絕在法庭上認罪”推測，本題可能與法庭中的事實情況有關。聽音時要注意相關細節的描述。

10.What do we learn about the man at the time of the crime?

A) He was out of his mind. C) His wife deserted him.

B) He was unemployed.D) His children were sick.

【預測】四個選項均與He有關，且各選項的語義均 為負面情況，A) “他喪失理智了”、B)“他失業了”C)“他的妻子離他而去”和D)“他的孩子們生病了”，由此推測某位男士的生活中一定出現了不如意的事件，且He與第9題中的The accused可能 為同一人，聽音時要注意He所遭遇的事情。

11. What did the judge say about the accused?

A) He had been in jail before. C) He was unlikely to get employed.

C) He was unworthy of sympathy. D) He had committed the same sort of crime.

【預測】四個選項均以He開頭，由A)中的“坐過 牢”、C)中的“可能找不到工作”以及D)中的“曾經 犯過同樣的罪”可推測，本題中的He與第9題中的The accused和第10題中的He可能是同一人， 因此本題仍需要從錄音中確認關于此人的具體信息。

答案詳解：

9. C)。事實細節題【考頻:★★★】，對話中男士告訴女士他最近審理的一個案件是一位男士被指控犯有人室盜竊罪，他自己承認了罪行，而且有目擊者稱他確實入室盜竊了。

10. B)。細節推斷題【考頻: ★★☆】。對話中男士告訴女士被指控犯有盜竊罪的那位男士已經有段日子沒有工作了，選項中的unemployed與原文中的oyt of work同義。

11. A)。細節推斷題【考頻: ★★☆】。對話中男士告訴女士那位被指控犯有盜竊罪的男士以前曾經坐過牢，但不是因為同一罪行。

Conversation Two

12、What does the man think of their present advertising agency?

A) Irresponsible. C) Aggressive

B)Unsatisfactory.D)Conservative.

【預測】四個選項均為形容詞，由此推測問題可能 是詢問某人的觀點、態度，聽音時要注意聽形容詞 所涉及的人或物，然后確定合適答案。

13、What would the woman be responsible for to Mr. Grunt?

A) Internal communication. C)Public relations.

B) Distribution of brochures. D) Product design

【預測】四個選項都是名詞短語，均為工作中的任務分配，因此聽音時需要確認對話中究竟涉及的是哪項工作。

14、What is the woman most interested in doing?

A) Placing advertisements in the trade press. C) Advertising in the national press.

B) Drawing sketches for advertisements. D) Making television commercials.

【預測】四個選項均為以動詞-ing,形式開頭的短語，且四個選項均是與廣告有關的動作，因此聽音時要注意區分與題干相關的是哪個動作。

15、What does the man think of the woman applicant?

A) She has the motivation to do the job. C) She is not so easy to get along with.

B) She knows the tricks of advertising. D) She is not suitable for the position.

聽力原文：

M：Ah, how do you do, Miss Wenzmore?

W ：How do you do?

M：Do sit down.

W ：Thank you.

M: I’m glad you’re interested in our job. Now，let me explain it. We plan to increase our advertising considerably. At present, an advertising agency handles our account, but we haven’t been too pleased with the results lately and we may give our account to another agency.

W ：What would my work entail?

M：You’d be responsible to me for all advertising and to Mr. Grunt for public relations. You’d brief the agency whoever it is on the kind of advertising campaign we want. You would also be responsible for getting our leaflets, brochures and catalogs designed.

W：I presume you advertise in the national press as well as the trade press.

M：Yes, we do.

W：Have you thought about advertising on television?

M: We don’t think it’s a suitable medium for us. And it’s much too expensive.

W：I can just imagine a scene with a typist sitting on an old-fashioned typing chair, her back aching, exhausted, then we show her in one of your chairs, her back properly supported, feeling full of energy, typing twice as quickly.

M：Before you get carried away with your little scene, Miss Wenzmore, I regret to have to tell you again that we are not planning to go into television.

W: That’s a shame. I’ve been doing a lot of television work lately and it interests me enormously.

M：Then I really don5t think that this is quite the right job for you here, Miss Wenzmore.

答案詳解：

12、B)。觀點態度題【考頻: ★★★】。對話中男士告訴女士他們對現在的廣告代理近期做出的成果不太滿意，選項中的Unsatisfactory是對原文中的haven’t been too pleased的同義轉述。

13、C)。細士辨認題【考頻:★★★】。對話中男士告訴女士她的工作責包括向男士負責所有廣告事宜，向Gnmt先生負責公共關系事務。

14、D)。細節推斷題【考頻: ★★☆】。對話中女士說她最近所做的工作很多都是電視廣告，而她對此也十分感興趣。

15、D)。觀點態度題【考頻: ★★★】。對話中男士很清楚地知道自己公司沒有向電視媒體投放廣告的計劃，因此，當他了解到女士對電視廣告很感興趣時，他明確表示這份工作對她來說不合適。

Section B

Passage One

16、What does the speaker say characterizes American campuses?

A) The cozy communal life. C) Innovative academic programs.

B)The cultural diversity. D) Impressive school buildings.

【預測】由選項中出現的academic programs和 school buildings可推測，短文內容與大學生活有關。而由B)“文化的多樣性”可以判斷，短文所涉及的應該是國際教育情況，而不僅局限于本土教育。

17、What does Brown University President Vartan Gregorian say about students’ daily life?

A) It is very beneficial to their academic progress.

B) It helps them soak up the surrounding culture.

C) It is as important as their learning experience.

D) It ensures their physical and mental health.

【預測】四個選項均以It開頭，由A) “它有益于學 業進步”、B) “它有助于他們吸收周邊文化”、C)“它與學習體驗一樣重要”和D)“它保證他們的身心健康”可推測，“它”指的是對學生有利的某件 事物，因此聽音時應重點注意“它”的益處。

18、In what way is the United States unrivaled according to the speaker?

A) It offers the most challenging academic programs.

B) It has the world’s best-known military academies.

C) It provides numerous options for students.

D) It draws faculty from all around the world.

【預測】由B)“它擁有世界上最著名的軍事院校” 推測，“它”所指的應該是某一個國家，結合各選項語義進一步推測，本題可能與該國的教育現狀相關。

聽力原文：

Many foreign students are attracted not only to the academic programs at a particular US college but also to the larger community, which affords the chance to soak up the surrounding culture. Few foreign universities put much emphasis on the cozy communal life that characterizes American campuses from clubs and sports teams to student publications and drama societies. “The campus and the American university have become identical in people’s minds，” says Brown University President Vartan Gregorian. “In America， it is assumed that a student’s daily life is as important as his learning experience.”Foreign students also comein search of choices. America’s menu of options research universities，state institutions，private liberal-arts schools， community colleges, religious institutions, military academies—is unrivaled. “In Europe，” says history professor Jonathan Steinberg, who has taught at both Harvard and Cambridge, “there is one system，and that is it.” While students overseas usually must demonstrate expertise in a specific field, whether law or philosophy or chemistry, most American universities insist that students sample natural and social sciences, languages and literature before choosing a field of concentration. Such opposing philosophies grow out of different traditions and power structures. In Europe and Japan，universities are answerable only to a Ministry of Education, which sets academic standards and distributes money. While centralization ensures that all students are equipped with roughly the same resources and perform at roughly the same level, it also discourages experimentation. “When they make mistakes，they make big ones，” says Robert Rosenzweig，president of the Association of American Universities. “They set a system in wrong directions，and it’s like steering a supertanker.”

答案詳解：

16、A)。事實細節題【考頻: ★★★】。短文中提到，美國之外很少有大學重視讓人倍感舒適的社區生活，從各式各樣的倶樂部、運動隊到學生專刊及戲劇社團，而這樣的社區生活也正是美國大學的特征。

17、C)。事實細節題【考頻:★★★】。布朗大學校長非常明確地指出，在美國人的觀念中，一般認為學生的日常生活與學習體驗同等重要。

18、C)。細節推斷題【考頻: ★★★】。短文中提到，在美國，外國學生有著眾多的選擇，從研究型綜合類大學，到州立研究所、私立人文類大學，到社區大學、教會學院以及軍事院校，美國大學的種類繁多是世界其他地區所無法比 擬的。

19、B)。節推斷題【考頻:★★★】。短文最后提到，歐洲和日本的大學僅需要向本國的教育部負責，選項中的merely 與短文中的only意思相同。

Passage Two

20、What does the speaker say about the sea-link ferry?

A) It will arrive at Boulogne at half past two.

B) It crosses the English Channel twice a day.

C) It is now about half way to the French coast.

D) It is leaving Folkestone in about five minutes.

【預測】由A) “它將于2: 30抵達Boulogne”、B) “它每天穿越英吉利海峽兩次”、C) “它現在正在去法國海岸的半路上”和D)“它將在大約五分鐘 后離開Folkestone”可推測，It所指的是某種海上 交通工具，因此本題可能考查該種交通工具的運行情況。

21、Where is the snack bar situated?

A) Opposite the ship’s office. C) At the rear of B deck.

B) Next to the duty-free shop. D) In the front of A deck.

【預測】四個選項均是表示位置的短語，由此推測本題考查內容與地點方位有關。

22、What does the speaker say about the lounge on B deck?

A) It is for the sole use of passengers travelling with cars.

B) It is much more spacious than the lounge on C deck.

C) It is for the use of passengers travelling with children.

D) It is for senior passengers and people with VIP cards.

【預測】由B)“它比C甲板上的休息室要寬敞得多”可推測，“它”所指代的是“休息室”，本題可能考查該休息室的情況。

聽力原文：

Hello, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome aboard your sea-link ferry from Folkestone to Boulogne and wish you a pleasant trip with us. We are due to leave Folkestone in about five minutes and a journey to Boulogne will take approximately two hours. We are getting good reports of the weather in the Channel and in France, so we should have a calm crossing. Sun and temperatures of 30 degrees Celsius are reported on the French coast. For your convenience on the journey, we’d like to point out that there are a number of facilities available on board. There’s a snack bar serving sandwiches and hot and cold refreshments situated in the front of A deck. There’s also a restaurant serving hot meals situated on B deck. If you need to change money or cash travellers’ checks, we have a bank on board. You can find the bank on C deck between the ship’s office and the duty-free shop. Toilets are situated on B deck at the rear of the ship and on A deck next to the snack bar. For the children, there’s a games room on C deck next to the duty-free shop. Here children can find a variety of electronic games. Passengers are reminded that the lounge on B deck is -for the sole use of passengers travelling with cars and that there is another lounge on C deck at the front of the ship for passengers travelling without cars. Finally，ladies and gentlemen,we’d like to wish you a pleasant journey and hope that you’ll travel with us again in the near future.

答案詳解：

20、D)。事實細節題【考頻:★★★】。短文開頭部分非常明確地指出本次渡輪將于大約五分鐘后離開Folkestone。

21、D)。細節辨認題【考頻短文中明確指出snack bar位于A甲板的前部，故答案為D)。

22、A)。細節辨認題【考頻：★★☆】短文臨近結尾處說明，B甲板上的休息室僅供開車上渡輪的乘客使用。

Passage Three

23、How did the cave get its name?

A) It was named after its location.

B) It was named after its discoverer.

C) It was named after a cave art expert.

D) It was named after one of its painters.

【預測】四個選項均由It was named after開頭，由節此推測本題是詢問某事物是以什么命名的。

24、What is the old theory about the paintings in the cave?

A) Animal painting was part of the spiritual life of the time.

B) Deer were worshiped by the ancient Cro-Magnon people.

C) Cro-Magnon people painted animals they hunted and ate.

D) They were believed to keep evils away from cave dwellers.

【預測】A)和C)中出現了 painting, painted, animals等詞，且B)和C)中都出現了Cro-Magnon people，由此推測本題考查的內容與克魯馬努人的動物壁畫相關。

25、What do scientists readily admit according to the speaker?

A) They know little about why the paintings were created.

B) They have difficulty telling when the paintings were done.

C) They are unable to draw such interesting and fine paintings.

D) They have misinterpreted the meaning of the cave paintings.

【預測】所有選項均以They開頭，由選項中出現的 know little, difficulty, unable, misinterpreted 以及四個選項中均出現的paintings推測，本題可能考查人們對壁畫認識的不足之處。

聽力原文：

On Christmas Eve in 1994, humans entered a cave in the mountains of southeastern France for what was probably the first time in 20 000 years. The vivid images of more than 300 animals that Jean-Marie Chauvet and his assistants found on the cave walls were like none that they had seen before. Unusual in the Grotte Chauvet, as the cave is now called in honor of its discoverer, are paintings of many flesh-eating animals. Other known caves from the same geographical area and time period contain only paintings of plant-eaters. The paintings in this cave refute the old theory that Cro-Magnon people painted animals that they hunted and then ate. Now many specialists believe that cave paintings were not part of a ritual to bring good luck to hunters. They point out that while deer made up a major part of their diet, there are no drawings of deer. They believe that the animals painted were those central to the symbolic and spiritual life of the times, animals that represented something deep and spiritual to the people. Scientists are hopeful that Grotte Chauvet will yield new information about the art and lifestyle of Cro-Magnon people. They readily admit, however, that little is understood yet as to the reasons why ice age artists created their interesting and detailed paintings. Scientists also wonder why some paintings were done in areas that are so difficult to get to, in caves, for example, that are 2400 feet underground, and accessible only by crawling through narrow passageways.

答案詳解：

23、B)。事實細節題【考頻:★★★】。短文中提到Grotte Chauvet“肖維巖洞”因其發現者而得名。

24、C)。事實細節題【考頻:★★★】。短文中提到新發現的壁畫推翻了以前的理論，以前,人們認為克魯馬努人所繪制的壁畫都是他們自己獵到然后食用的動物。

25、A)。細節推斷題【考頻:★★★】。結尾處提到學者們都承認，他們對冰河時代的藝術家們繪制這些壁畫的原因了解很少。

Section C

26、advantages。語義推斷題【考頻：★★★】。此空位于has和a lot of后面，因此應該填人名詞或名詞短語 作句子的賓語。結合錄音填入advantages，意為“好處，益處”。

27、characterizes。句意推斷題【考頻:★★★】。分析句子結構可知，空格處應填人一個動詞或動詞詞組作 that引導的定語從句的謂語。結合錄音填入characterizes，意為“以……為典型，以……為特征”。

28、go out of their way。語義推斷題【考頻:★★★】。此空位于不定式符號to之后，因此需要填入一個動詞 原形或動詞原形詞組構成to do不定式。結合錄音可知答案為go out of their way，意為“盡力，費盡 心思”。

29、seeking out。并列關系題【考頻: ★★★】。由空格后 的and talking to可以推斷，空格處應填入動名詞或動名詞詞組，與連接詞and后面的talking to并列。結合錄音填入seeking out，意為“找出”。

30、transition。句意推斷題【考頻:★★★】。由空格前的 The以及空格后的from可知，此處應該填入一個名 詞或名詞短語作句子的主語。結昝錄音填入 transition，意為“轉變，過渡”。

31、appropriate。語義推斷題【考頻:★★★】此空位于been之后，因此應該填入一個形容詞或動詞的分詞形式。結合錄音填入appropriate，意為“合適的，適用的”。

32、reluctant。句意推斷題【考頻:★★★】。此空位于be動詞are之后，故應該填入一個形容詞或動詞的分詞 形式。結合錄音填入reluctant，構成詞組be reluctant to do,意為“不情愿做，不愿意做”。

33、acknowledge。句意推斷題【考頻：★★★】。此空位于詞組be willing to之后，故應填入一個動詞原形或動詞原形詞組。結合錄音可知答案為acknowledge，意為“承認”。

34、interferes with。語義推斷題【考頻: ★★★】。分析句子結構可知，空格處應該填入一個動詞或動詞詞組作 that從句的謂語。結合錄音填人interferes with，意為“干擾，妨礙”。

35、tensions。修飾關系題【考頻: ★★★】此空位于 make之前family之后，故應該填人一個名詞與 family構成名詞短語作when引導的時間狀語從句 的主語。結合錄音可知答案為tensions，意為“緊張， 關系緊張的狀態”。

PartⅢ Reading Comprehension

Section A

答案詳解：

36、L)。形容詞辨析題【考頻: ★★★】。空格位于名詞minds之前，謂語動詞have之后，故空格處應填一個形容詞或形容詞性的分詞或名詞作定語。根據第一句及本句后半部分可知，兒童是天生的科學家且不害怕承認對某些事 情的無知，由此可見他們有求知心和好奇心，故inquiring“好奇的”符合句意,inquiring minds意為“好奇心”。

37、 O)。副詞辨析題【考頻：★★☆】空格所在句句子成分完整，故空格處應填一個副詞作狀語。文章第一、二句講述孩子有好奇心，是天生的科學家，而空格所在句則指出他們中的大部分人長大后都會喪失這一優點，這在語義 上顯示出了一種惋惜之情，備選副詞中，unfortunately “不幸地”符合句意。

38、C)。名詞辨析題【考頻: ★★★】。空格前為謂語動詞make,空格后為that引導的定語從句，故空格處應填一個名詞作定語從句的先行詞。由句首的Instead of可知，所填詞應該與finding things out for themselves形成反 差，備選名詞中，assumptions “假設”符合題意。

39、M)。名詞辨析題【考頻:★★★】空格前為killing the,故空格處應填一個名詞作killing的賓語。第二段首句提到，問題不在于使兒童對科學產生興趣，由此推斷，空格處應填一個與“興趣”相當的詞。備選名詞中，passion “激情”符合題意，故為答案。

40、B)。動詞辨析題【考頻:★★★】。空格所在句句意是:兒童天生就有一種模糊的知識的方法。備選項中，能與knowledge搭配的只有acquiring“獲得”，故為答案。

41、K)。動詞辨析題【考頻:★★★】。 分析句子結構可知，who引導的定語從句的先行詞為specialist teachers,該從句缺少謂語動詞，故空格處應填動詞。由先行詞specialist teachers和空格處的賓語what they know的關系可 知，備選動詞中，impart “傳授”符合題意。

42、D)。名詞辨析題【考頻:★★★】。空格位于介詞for之后，故空格處應填一個名詞或者動名詞。第二段倒數第三句提到，因為考慮到教育的實際情況，才不得不把課程劃分成不同的專門科目，由此推出劃分成不同的專門科目 為教育帶來便利。備選項中符合語境的只有convenience“方便”,故為答案。

43、F)。動詞辨析題【考頻: ★★★】。分析句子結構可知，空格處應填一個動詞作句子的謂語,且該動詞能和from搭配。第三段末句指出，他們認為科學是為科學家而不是為他們準備的，再結合備選動詞可知，exclude“把…… 排除在外”符合題意，故為答案。

44、 E)。副詞辨析題【考頻：★★☆】。空格位于動詞specialise之后且位于句末，且specialise是不及物動詞，所以空格處應填一個副詞。結合末段第二句中的“我們每個人的生命都是有限的，所以我們不可能什么都學”可知，專業化是最終的必然。備選副詞中，符合語境的只有eventually“最終”，故為答案。

45、H)。名詞辨析題【考頻：★★★】。空格前為并列連詞and,因此空格處應填一個名詞與and前面的knowledge并列。備選名詞中，符合語境的只有exploration“探究”，故為答案。

Section B

Passage One

46、The author’s recent article examined how a meaningful life is different from a happy life.

D)。【譯文】作者最近的文章探討了有意義的生活與轉快樂的生活有何不同。

【精析】同義轉述題【考頻:★★★】。由題干中的關鍵詞a meaningful life 和a happy life 定位到段最后兩句。D)段第二句提到，幾個月之前， 作者寫了一篇關于一項心理學研究的文章，該研究深入探討了快樂對于人們來說究竟意味著什么;接著最后一句提到，作者在這篇文章中專門探討了有意義的生活與快樂的生活之間的區別。 題干中的recent對應定位句中的A few months ago, examined how a meaningful life is different from a happy life 對應定位句中的 explored the difference between a meaningful life and a happy life,故答案為D)。

47、It should be noted that many people feel their life is both happy and meaningful.

N)。【譯文】應該注意的是很多人覺得他們的生活既快樂又有意義。

【精析】同義轉述題【考頻: ★★★】。由題干中的 關鍵詞many people 和both happy and meaningful定位到N)段第一句。定位句提到，對于很多人而言，人生意義感和快樂感是互相重疊的;在研究中快樂與意義的衡量指標上，很多人同時得高分（或同時得低分）。定位句中的 overlap “重疊”表達了同時擁有的意思，因此題干 中的 many people feel their life is both happy and meaningful對應定位句中的for many people，a sense of meaning and happiness in life overlap，故答案為N)。

48、According to one survey, there is a close relationship between hedonic well-being measures and high scores on happiness.

H)。【譯文】根據一項調查，享樂主義的幸福的衡量指 標與快樂的高指數之間存在著緊密的聯系。

【精析】細節推斷題【考頻: ★★☆】。由題干中的關鍵詞 hedonic well-being measures 和high scores on happiness定位到H)段最后一句。定位句提到，人們越贊同“享樂主義的幸福”或“快樂”這些衡量指標，他們的快樂指數就越高，由此可知，享樂主義的幸福的衡量指標與快樂的高指 數之間存在著緊密的聯系。題干中的hedonic well-being measures 對應定位句中的 these measures of “hedonic well-being’’，high scores on happiness 對應定位句中的 the higher they scored on happiness，故答案為 H)。

49、According to one of the authors of a new study, what makes life meaningful may not make people happy.

F)。【譯文】根據一項新研究的一位作者的看法，令生活變得有意義的事情不一定會使人們快樂。

【精析】同義轉述題【考頻:★★★】。由題干中的關鍵詞one of the authors of a new study，makes life meaningful 和make people happy 定位到F)段最后兩句。定位句提到，正如研究人員之一Roy Baumeister告訴我的:“作為人類，我們的部 分天性就是要照顧他人并為他人作出貢獻。這雖然會令生活變得有意義，但并不一定會使我們快樂。” Roy Baumeister所從事的研究是該段第一句提到的研究，即C)段第一句提到的剛剛發表在《美國國家科學院院刊》(簡稱PNAS)上的一項新研究，由此可知Roy Baumeister是新研究的 作者之一。題干中的what makes life meaningful may not make people happy對應定位句中的This makes life meaningful but it does not necessarily make us happy,故答案為 F)。

50、Experiments were carried out to determine our body’s genetic expression of feelings of happiness and meaning.

J)。【譯文】開展的實驗是為了確定我們的身體對快 樂和意義感受的基因表達。

【精析】細節推斷題【考頻: ★★☆】。由題干中的關鍵詞 our body’s genetic expression 和 feelings of happiness and meaning 定位到 J)段最后一句。 定位句提到，Cole和Fredrickson感興趣的是身體如何在基因的層面上對快樂和意義的感受產生反應。題干中的our body’s genetic expression of feelings of happiness and meaning 對應定位句中的how the body, at the genetic level，responds to feelings of happiness and meaning，故答案為 J)。

51、A new study claims happiness may not contribute to health.

C)。【譯文】一項新研究聲稱快樂不一定對健康有好處。

【精析】同義轉述題【考頻:★★★】。由題干中的關鍵詞A new study 和 contribute to health 定位到C)段。定位段第一句提到，剛剛發表在《美國 國家科學院院刊》上的一項新研究對這一樂觀描述發起了挑戰，這一樂觀描述即B)段最后一句的 觀點 Inductions of well-being lead to healthy functioning, and inductions of ill-being lead to compromised health;定位段最后兩句詳細解釋了該研究的觀點:快樂可能并不像研究人員所認為的那樣有利于身體健康，它甚至可能對身體健康有害。題干是對該段的概括，故答案為C)。

52、According to the researchers, taking makes for happiness while giving adds meaning to life.

E) 【譯文】根據研究人員的看法，“索取”帶來快樂而 “給予”為人生增添意義。

【精析】同義轉述題【考頻:★★★】。由題干中的 關鍵詞taking和giving定位到E)段最后一句。定位句提到，研究人員在一個月的時間里調查了大量的樣本人群，發現快樂與自私的“索取”行為相關，而有人生意義感則與無私的“給予”行為相關。題干中的taking makes for happiness對應定位句中的 happiness is associated with selfish “taking” behavior，giving adds meaning to life 對應定位句中的 having a sense of meaning in life is associated with selfless “giving” behavior, 故答案為E)。

53、Evidence from research shows that it takes meaning for people to thrive.

R)。【譯文】研究證據顯示，人們需要人生意義才能健 康長壽。

【精析】同義轉述題【考頻: ★★★】。由題干中的關 鍵詞Evidence，meaning和thrive定位到R)段第 三、四句。定位句提到,從該研究的證據看來，只有感覺良好似乎還不夠，人們需要意義才能健康長壽。題干中的Evidence from research對應定位句 中的From the evidence of this study，it takes meaning for people to thrive 對應定位句中的People need meaning to thrive，故答案為 R)。

54、With regard to gene expression patterns, happy people with little or no sense of meaning in life are found to be similar to those suffering from chronic adversity.

L)。【譯文】快樂之人如果只有很少或根本沒有人生意義，其基因表達譜則與那些忍受長期逆境的人相似。

【精析】同義轉述題【考頻:★★★】。由題干中的關鍵詞 gene expression patterns，little or no sense of meaning in life 和suffering from chronic adversity定位到L)段第一句。定位句提到，Cole 和Fredrickson發現，感到快樂但只有很少或根本沒有人生意義的人，與應對并忍受長期逆境的人擁 有相同的基因表達譜。題干中的happy people with little or no sense of meaning in life 對應定位句中的 people who are happy but have little to no sense of meaning in their lives，suffering from 對應定位句中的enduring，故答案為L)。

55、Most books on happiness today assert that happiness is beneficial to health.

B)。【譯文】如今大部分關于快樂的書籍都主張快樂有益于健康。

【精析】細節推斷題【考頻: ★★☆】。由題干中的關鍵詞 assert 和beneficial to health 定位到 B)段 第一句。定位句提到，此類書籍的一貫主張之一 是，快樂與各種各樣的良好生活狀況相關，其中包括良好的健康狀況。定位句中的books就是指段第二句提到的 over 1 000 books on happiness， 與題干中的books on happiness相對應，題干中的assert 對應定位句中的claims, happiness is beneficial to health 對應定位句中的happiness is associated with... good health，故答案為B)。

Section C

Passage One

答案詳解：

56. A)。推理判斷題【考頻: ★★★】。由題干中的business books定位到首段第一句。由定位句可知，商業書籍中最成功的當屬成功學書籍。A)項中的excellence是對定位句中success的同義轉述，故研究卓越的書籍最有可能大賣，故答案為A)。

57. C)。推理判斷題【考頻: ★★★】。由選項中的businessmen, analyses和corporate leaders定位到第二段。由定位段倒數第二句可知，成功學書籍的作者通常會講述一些生動的故事，如杰出的商人如何將自己的個性烙印在公司上或如何在公司生死存亡的時刻挽救公司的命運。由此推斷，大多數成功學書籍都會包含此類內容，即或多或少陷人了同樣的模式化寫作，故答案為C)。

58. B)。細節辨認題【考頻:★★★】。由題干中的The Three Rules定位到第二、三段。第二段最后一句提到，Messrs Raynor和Ahmed更喜歡反復琢磨數據:他們提供關于“計算優勢元素”和“詳細分析”的詳細附錄。第三段首句又指出，該書作者花費五年的時間研究了344家杰出公司的運行狀況。由此可知，此書詳細的分析是基于 海量的數據，這是其與其他成功學書籍的不同之處，故答案為B)。

59. A)。細節辨認題【考頻:★★★】。由題干中的the success of exceptional companies定位到第四段。由定位段第二至六句可知，杰出的公司在權衡利弊時總是會考慮到兩個簡單的原則:第一，打質量仗而不是價格仗。第二， 優先考慮收益而不是成本。也就是說，杰出公司能取得成功是因為他們關注質量和收益，故答案為A)。

60. D)。推理判斷題【考頻:★★★】。由題干中的the author’s comment以及題文同序原則定位到最后一段。由定位段第五至八句可知，《三條規則》犯了另外一個錯誤，即陳述了一些顯而易見的事實。對于“與其在價格上競爭而阻斷你的成功之路，不如找到一個有利可圖的隙縫市場，集中精力提高利潤”這樣的結論，大多數商人并不會感到驚訝。難的是如何找到有利可圖的隙縫市場并對其進行保護。在這方面，《三條規則》用處并不大。由 以上內容可推斷，作者認為《三條規則》未能指出成功的關鍵，故答案為D)。

Passage Two

答案詳解：

61. A)。推理判斷題【考頻:★★★】。由題干中的the University of Kent定位到首段。定位段第一句和第三句指出，不久之前，肯特大學還為自己的親民形象而感到自豪,但現在卻致力于淡化其親切的形象。由此可知，肯特大學曾以舒適的校園生活聞名，故答案為A)。

62. D)。細節辨認題【考頻:★★★】。由題干中的attract和題文同序原則定位到第三段第二句。由定位句可知，大學現在關注一些更切實的吸引力，如就業前景、與行業的密切程度以及與導師交流的時間，明確說明學生交了學費后將會得到什么。也就是說，許多大學現在致力于呈現更好的學術形象，借此吸引學生；同時，這與文章第—段末尾提到的大學致力于突出其學術性相呼應，故答案為D)。

63. C)。細節辨認題【考頻:★★★】。由題干中的Rob Behrens定位到第四段第三、四句。由定位句可知,Rob Behrens認為大學在給學生承諾時一定要十分謹慎，不然會有夸大其詞的危險。由此推斷，Rob Behrens建議大學不要作出無法兌現的承諾，故答案為C)。

64. B)。推理判斷題【考頻:★★★】。由題干中的students’chief consideration和choosingauniversity定位到第六段。定位段指出，學生不僅會更加成熟地考慮自己想從大學中得到什么，而且會花更多時間查證大學所宣稱的內 容是否屬實。由此可知，學生在擇校時考慮的最主要的因素是大學能否提供他們所想要的東西，故答案為B)。

65.D)。推理判斷題【考頻:★★★】。根據選項內容和題文同序原則定位到倒數第二段。定位段第二句指出，雖然對于大學而言，最好的招生營銷方式是要有自己擅長的領域，但是也要清楚地表述自己的獨特之處。由此可知，展現自己的獨到之處是在招生活動中獲勝的關鍵，故答案為D)。

PartⅣ Translation

反映在藝術和文學中的鄉村生活理想是中國文明的重要特征。這在很大程度上歸功于道家(Taoist) 對自然的情感。傳統中國畫有兩個最受青睞的主題，一是家庭生活的各種幸福場景，畫中往往有老人在飲茶下棋，男人在耕耘收割，婦女在織布縫衣，小孩在戶外玩耍。另一個則是鄉村生活的種種樂趣， 畫有漁夫在湖上打漁，農夫在山上砍柴采藥,或是書生坐在松樹下吟詩作畫。這兩個主題可以分別代表儒家(Confucian)和道家的生活理想。

The ideal of rural life reflected in the arts and literature is an important feature of Chinese civilization, which to a large extent can be attributed to Taoist affection for nature. There are two favorite themes in traditional Chinese paintings. One theme depicts various happy scenes of family life in which the seniors are drinking tea and playing chess, men are sowing and reaping, women are weaving and sewing, and the children are playing outside. The other theme depicts all kinds of joys of the country life. In the paintings, fishermen are fishing on the lake；farmers are cutting firewood or gathering herbs in the mountains; or scholars are chanting poetry and painting pictures under the pines. These two themes can respectively represent Confucian and Taoist ideals of life.

難點注釋：

1.第一句的主語較長，中心詞是“鄉村生活理想”；“反映在藝術和文學中的”可以處理為后置定語，譯為reflected in the arts and literature。

2.第二句可以翻譯成非限制性定語從句修飾第一句。也可以另起一句，翻譯成This，to a large extent，can be attributed to Taoist affection for nature，但是在句子銜接方面沒有翻譯成非限制性定語從句連貫。

3.第三、四句可以合起來分析。通過分析中文可知，中國畫有兩個最受青睞的主題，一個是家庭生活的幸福場景，一個是鄉村生活的樂趣，因此翻譯時，“傳統中屆畫有兩個最受青睞的主題”可以單獨翻譯成一句話，隨后另起兩句翻譯兩個主題。為避免結構上的重復，介紹第一個主題中的具體場景時可用定語從句，介紹第二個主題中的具體場景時可以用一個單獨的句子來表達。

4.最后一句中儒家和道家的生活理想”可以根據試題中給出的提示詞翻譯成Confucian and Taoist ideals of life。